CFR > Title 14 - Aeronautics and Space > CHAPTER I—FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION > SUBCHAPTER C—AIRCRAFT (parts 21 to 50) > PART 23—AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES > SUBPART B—Flight (§23.21 to §23.253) > 23.73—Reference landing approach speed.

23.73—Reference landing approach speed.

(a) For normal, utility, and acrobatic category reciprocating engine-powered airplanes of 6,000 pounds or less maximum weight, the reference landing approach speed, VREF, must not be less than the greater of VMC, determined in § 23.149(b) with the wing flaps in the most extended takeoff position, and 1.3 VSO.
(b) For normal, utility, and acrobatic category reciprocating engine-powered airplanes of more than 6,000 pounds maximum weight, and turbine engine-powered airplanes in the normal, utility, and acrobatic category, the reference landing approach speed, VREF, must not be less than the greater of VMC, determined in § 23.149(c), and 1.3 VSO.
(c) For commuter category airplanes, the reference landing approach speed, VREF, must not be less than the greater of 1.05 VMC, determined in § 23.149(c), and 1.3 VSO.

Code of Federal Regulations

[Doc. No. 27807, 61 FR 5187, Feb. 9, 1996]