8201 - Issuer.

                                CHAPTER 82                             ISSUE AND ISSUER     Sec.     8201.  Issuer.     8202.  Issuer's responsibility and defenses; notice of defect or            defense.     8203.  Staleness as notice of defect or defense.     8204.  Effect of issuer's restriction on transfer.     8205.  Effect of unauthorized signature on security certificate.     8206.  Completion or alteration of security certificate.     8207.  Rights and duties of issuer with respect to registered            owners.     8208.  Effect of signature of authenticating trustee, registrar            or transfer agent.     8209.  Issuer's lien.     8210.  Overissue.        Enactment.  Chapter 82 was added May 22, 1996, P.L.248,     No.44, effective in 180 days.        Prior Provisions.  Former Chapter 82, which related to the     same subject matter, was added November 1, 1979, P.L.255, No.86,     and repealed May 22, 1996, P.L.248, No.44, effective in 180     days.     § 8201.  Issuer.        (a)  General rule.--With respect to an obligation on or a     defense to a security, an "issuer" includes a person that:            (1)  places or authorizes the placing of its name on a        security certificate, other than as authenticating trustee,        registrar, transfer agent or the like, to evidence a share,        participation or other interest in its property or in an        enterprise, or to evidence its duty to perform an obligation        represented by the certificate;            (2)  creates a share, participation or other interest in        its property or in an enterprise or undertakes an obligation,        that is an uncertificated security;            (3)  directly or indirectly creates a fractional interest        in its rights or property, if the fractional interest is        represented by a security certificate; or            (4)  becomes responsible for or in place of another        person described as an issuer in this section.        (b)  Guarantor.--With respect to an obligation on or defense     to a security, a guarantor is an issuer to the extent of its     guaranty, whether or not its obligation is noted on a security     certificate.        (c)  Person for whom transfer books maintained.--With respect     to a registration of a transfer, issuer means a person on whose     behalf transfer books are maintained.        Cross References.  Section 8201 is referred to in sections     8102, 9102 of this title.