67-5-601 - General policy Legislative findings.
67-5-601. General policy Legislative findings.
(a) The value of all property shall be ascertained from the evidence of its sound, intrinsic and immediate value, for purposes of sale between a willing seller and a willing buyer without consideration of speculative values, and when appropriate, subject to the provisions of the Agricultural, Forest and Open Space Land Act of 1976, codified in part 10 of this chapter.
(b) It is the legislative intent that no appraisal under this part shall be influenced by inflated values resulting from speculative purchases in particular areas in anticipation of uncertain future real estate markets; but all property of every kind shall be appraised according to its sound, intrinsic and immediate economic value, which shall be ascertained in accordance with such official assessment manuals as may be promulgated and issued by the state division of property assessments and approved by the state board of equalization pursuant to law.
(c) (1) The general assembly finds that the increased market value of certain residential property zoned for commercial use has caused an increase in taxes to the extent that citizens are faced with the necessity of selling dwelling houses in which they have lived for many years. The general assembly finds that present use valuation has been extended to others, and is warranted under certain circumstances to relieve the burden of increased taxation to residential owners.
(2) It is the policy of this state that the owners of residential property who have lived on that property for a significant period of time should be allowed to continue to live on that property without a disproportionate increase in taxes due to the property being zoned for commercial use.
(3) For the purposes of this subsection (c):
(A) Dwelling house means a residence occupied by the owner of an estate in that property, with such residence being zoned for commercial use, used solely for residential purposes, and occupied by that owner or a person to whom the current owner is a lineal descendant for a period of twenty-five (25) years or more, together with the real estate upon which it is situated up to a maximum five (5) acres; and
(B) Owner means a citizen and resident of Tennessee who occupies the citizen's or resident's dwelling house, as opposed to occupying any other residence, for at least nine (9) months out of each calendar year.
(4) Any owner of a dwelling house may make application to the assessor of property of the county in which the property is located for its classification under this subsection (c). Property that has been determined by the assessor of property to qualify under this subsection (c) shall be valued for ad valorem tax purposes at its market value for residential purposes. The assessment on such property shall include the entire year in which the land is classified under this subsection (c). Any person who is denied such classification shall have the same rights and remedies for appeal and relief as are provided taxpayers for any action of assessors of property.
(5) Should the use or ownership of the property change so that it no longer qualifies under this subsection (c), then the property owner shall have the duty of informing the assessor of property. Upon discovering that a property no longer qualifies for classification under this subsection (c), the assessor of property shall reclassify the property and shall value the property according to its current market value for subsequent tax years. In the event such change in use or ownership does not timely come to the attention of the assessor of property, and upon the assessor discovering that the property no longer qualifies, such reclassification shall affect each year that the property has failed to qualify, and the taxpayer shall be liable for the difference in taxes, including penalty and interest.
(6) It is the legislative intent that the twenty-five-year time period is an integral part of this subsection (c). If this provision is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be an unreasonable classification or otherwise declared unconstitutional, then this entire subsection (c) shall be null and void.
(d) The general assembly finds that due to the abundance of limestone, sand and gravel in this state and the difficulty in valuing the contributory interest in limestone, sand and gravel that such contributory interest in limestone, sand and gravel shall be deemed to have no value for property tax purposes. This does not affect the commercial classification of real property used for quarry purposes.
(e) The general assembly finds that any public utility property or commercial and industrial property that generates electricity using wind as its energy source is generally capable of only generating approximately one-third (1/3) of the electricity that competing generation properties are capable of producing using coal or other conventional energy sources and that the commercially competitive disadvantage of such generation property due to its dependence on the intermittent nature of wind as an energy source similarly evidences that its sound, intrinsic, and immediate economic value for all purposes under this chapter should not initially exceed one-third (1/3) of its total installed costs. The general assembly further finds that, unless the findings are considered in the determination of the sound, intrinsic, and immediate economic value of such property for all purposes under this chapter, investment in property to generate electricity using wind as its energy source will be unreasonably discouraged, denying the citizens of this state the environmental benefits associated with the greater use of wind, as a renewable energy source, for electric power generation. The assessor of property, in assessing any such commercial and industrial property, or the comptroller, in assessing any such public utility property, that generates electricity using wind as its energy source, shall take these findings by the general assembly into account in determining the sound, intrinsic, and immediate economic value of such property, when the property is initially appraised and each time the property is reappraised.
[Acts 1973, ch. 226, § 6; 1974, ch. 771, § 8; 1976, ch. 782, § 13; 1977, ch. 262, § 1; T.C.A., § 67-606; Acts 1987, ch. 430, §§ 2-4; 1994, ch. 786, § 1; 1997, ch. 195, §§ 1, 2; 2003, ch. 377, § 1.]