CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
PARKS AND WILDLIFE CODE
TITLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
SUBCHAPTER A. PURPOSE AND POLICY
Sec. 1.001. PURPOSE OF CODE. (a) This code is enacted as a
part of the state's continuing statutory revision program, begun
by the Texas Legislative Council in 1963 as directed by the
legislature in Chapter 488, Acts of the 58th Legislature, 1963
(Article 5429b-1, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes). The program
contemplates a topic-by-topic revision of the state's general and
permanent statute law without substantive change.
(b) Consistent with the objectives of the statutory revision
program, the purpose of this code is to make the general and
permanent parks and wildlife law more accessible and
understandable by:
(1) rearranging the statutes into a more logical order;
(2) employing a format and numbering system designed to
facilitate citation of the law and to accommodate future
expansion of the law;
(3) eliminating repealed, duplicative, unconstitutional,
expired, executed, and other ineffective provisions; and
(4) restating the law in modern American English to the greatest
extent possible.
Acts 1975, 64th Leg., p. 1405, ch. 545, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1,
1975.
Sec. 1.002. CONSTRUCTION OF CODE. The Code Construction Act
(Chapter 311, Government Code) applies to the construction of
each provision in this code, except as otherwise expressly
provided by this code.
Acts 1975, 64th Leg., p. 1405, ch. 545, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1,
1975. Amended by Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 479, Sec. 68, eff.
Sept. 1, 1985.
SUBCHAPTER B. PROPERTY OF THE STATE
Sec. 1.011. PROPERTY OF THE STATE. (a) All wild animals,
fur-bearing animals, wild birds, and wild fowl inside the borders
of this state are the property of the people of this state.
(b) All fish and other aquatic animal life contained in the
freshwater rivers, creeks, and streams and in lakes or sloughs
subject to overflow from rivers or other streams within the
borders of this state are the property of the people of this
state.
(c) All the beds and bottoms and the products of the beds and
bottoms of the public rivers, bayous, lagoons, creeks, lakes,
bays, and inlets in this state and of that part of the Gulf of
Mexico within the jurisdiction of this state are the property of
this state. The state may permit the use of the waters and
bottoms and the taking of the products of the bottoms and waters.
(d) The Parks and Wildlife Department shall regulate the taking
and conservation of fish, oysters, shrimp, crabs, turtles,
terrapins, mussels, lobsters, and all other kinds and forms of
marine life, or sand, gravel, marl, mud shell, and all other
kinds of shell in accordance with the authority vested in it by
this code.
Acts 1975, 64th Leg., p. 1405, ch. 545, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1,
1975.
Sec. 1.012. PUBLIC FRESH WATER. Any public freshwater lake,
river, creek, or bayou in this state contained in any survey of
private land may not be sold but shall remain open to the public.
The Parks and Wildlife Department is authorized to protect the
fish in public waters under rules as it may prescribe.
Acts 1975, 64th Leg., p. 1405, ch. 545, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1,
1975. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1256, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1997.
Sec. 1.013. FENCES. This code does not prohibit or restrict the
owner or occupant of land from constructing or maintaining a
fence of any height on the land owned or occupied, and an owner
or occupant who constructs such a fence is not liable for the
restriction of the movement of wild animals by the fence. The
existence of a fence does not affect the status of wild animals
as property of the people of this state.
Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1256, Sec. 123, eff. Sept. 1,
1997.
SUBCHAPTER C. DEFINITIONS
Sec. 1.101. DEFINITIONS. In this code:
(1) "Hunt" means capture, trap, take, or kill, or an attempt to
capture, trap, take, or kill.
(2) "Catch" means take or kill and includes an attempt to take
or kill.
(3) "Sell" means to transfer the ownership or the right of
possession of an item to a person for consideration and includes
a barter and an even exchange.
(4) "Wild," when used in reference to an animal, means a
species, including each individual of a species, that normally
lives in a state of nature and is not ordinarily domesticated.
This definition does not include exotic livestock defined by
Section 161.001(a)(4), Agriculture Code.
(5) "Take," except as otherwise provided by this code, means
collect, hook, hunt, net, shoot, or snare, by any means or
device, and includes an attempt to take or to pursue in order to
take.
Acts 1975, 64th Leg., p. 1405, ch. 545, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1,
1975. Amended by Acts 1981, 67th Leg., p. 378, ch. 153, Sec. 11,
eff. Sept. 1, 1981; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 424, Sec. 3, eff.
Sept. 1, 1991; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1256, Sec. 2, eff. Sept.
1, 1997; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 604, Sec. 4, eff. Sept. 1,
2003.
Amended by:
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch.
992, Sec. 1, eff. June 18, 2005.