US v. Ramirez-Inoa
Case Date: 03/26/1998
Court: United States Court of Appeals
Docket No: 96-1307
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FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT No. 96-1307 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Appellee, v. SAUL MANGUAL-CORCHADO, Defendant, Appellant. No. 96-1308 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Appellee, v. ERNESTO CIRILO-MUNOZ, a/k/a NESTY, Defendant, Appellant. No. 96-1476 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Appellee, v. LUIS ANTONIO RAMIREZ-YNOA, Defendant, Appellant. APPEALS FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF PUERTO RICO [Hon. Hector M. Laffitte, U.S. District Judge] Before Cyr and Lynch, Circuit Judges, and McAuliffe, U.S. District Judge, Juan E. Alvarez, with whom Lucien B. Campbell was on brief for appellant Cirilo-Munoz. Jorge L. Arroyo-Alejandro for appellant Mangual-Corchado. Carlos M. Sanchez La Costa for appellant Ramirez-Ynoa. Jeanette Mercado-Rios, Assistant United States Attorney, with whom Guillermo Gil, United States Attorney, and Edwin O. Vazquez, Deputy Chief Criminal Division, were on brief for appellee. March 18, 1998 CYR, Circuit Judge. Three youthful defendants, Saul Mangual-Corchado ("Mangual"), Luis Antonio Ramirez-Ynoa ("Ramirez") and Ernesto Cirilo-Munoz ("Cirilo"), appeal their respective convictions relating to the intentional killing of an on-duty police officer during the commission of a drug offense. See 21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(B); 18 U.S.C. 2. Mangual and Ramirez likewise appeal their carjacking convictions, see id. 2119, and their convictions for using a firearm to commit the carjacking, see id. 924(c). We affirm the district court judgments. I BACKGROUND Over an extended period of time prior to November 1, 1994, Mangual, Jose Lugo-Sanchez ("Lugo"), and David Silva worked regular nine-hour shifts selling marijuana, cocaine, and heroin seven days a week at a "drug point" immediately outside "Cafetin El Ideal" in Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico. Their mutual drug suppliers were Yito Morales and a person known only as "Chispo." Lugo correctly suspected that a particular drug customer |